What is coaxial cable and BNC connector?
June 13,2025
1. Coaxial cable
Coaxial cable (also known as coax) is used to pass radio frequency (RF) signals in the form of a transverse electromagnetic wave. Coax can transmit signals over larger distances at a higher speed as compared to twisted pair cables. The design of coaxial cable consists of an inner conductor surrounded by a dielectric layer, which is then enclosed in a cylindrical sandwich that contains additional layers of shielding as well as an outer protective jacket to prevent damage to the signal carrying components during installation or from environmental stresses. Coaxial cables are commonly used as transmission lines and can transmit high-frequency signals at low loss.
2. BNC connector
The BNC connector (initialism of ‘Bayonet Neill-Concelman’) is a miniature quick connect/disconnect radio frequency connector used for coaxial cable. BNC connectors are used with miniature-to-subminiature coaxial cable in radio, television, and other radio-frequency electronic equipment, test instruments, and video signals. The BNC was commonly used for early computer networks, including ARCnet, the IBM PC Network, and the 10BASE2 variant of Ethernet. BNC connectors are made to match the characteristic impedance of cable at either 50 ohms or 75 ohms (with other impedances such as 93 ohms for ARCNET available though less common). They are usually applied for frequencies below 4 GHz and voltages below 500 volts.
3. The relationship between BNC connectors and coaxial cables
BNC connectors are an important component of coaxial cables, used to connect the cables to equipment. The design of BNC connectors ensures the signal integrity of coaxial cables, reducing interference and signal loss. The impedance characteristics of coaxial cables match those of BNC connectors, ensuring efficient signal transmission.
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